Thanksgiving lined writing paper
Research Paper Topics For Lord Of The Rings
Thursday, September 3, 2020
Free Essays on Maidens Tears
Ladies Tears Some time in the past in the place where there is Skyloo a mother was bringing forth an infant young lady. She named her ââ¬Å"Maiden.â⬠Maiden was a lovely youthful infant delicate earthy colored hair and dim earthy colored eyes. The mother and father were tired of keeping the youngster, scare that she may develop to have more magnificence than of the Goddess Lydian. Everybody in the town realized that on the off chance that you have a youngster that develops to be prettier than that of Lydian the Goddess would rebuff your kid. Days, Months, and years stuck. In those years Maiden turned out to be more lovely than that of Lydian. Humiliated Maidens guardians made her wear a fabric over her face and prohibited her from taking it off. Lady didn't know about the Goddess of Lydian nor did she know the purposes behind her parentsââ¬â¢ unusual ways. So she did what she was told, until she met Dorian. Dorian was Lydianââ¬â¢s detestable twin sibling; he was a shrewd youngster, who had known about this excellent woman by the name of Maiden. One day Dorian chose to go down to the town Skyloo to see Maiden. At the main sight of Dorian Maiden began to look all starry eyed at, planning to wed him. Being he was an alien to the town the main pleasant activity was to take him in. So for a long time Dorian remained with Maiden and her family. In those five years Maiden and Dorian turned out to be appended. At that point one day Dorian asked Maidens hand in marriage, Maiden acknowledged. The day of the wedding was set and they were to be hitched. For a long time Dorian had been acting to be infatuated with Maiden, for his arrangement was to perceive how delightful she truly was and for his sister to get frightfully desirous. At last his arrangement was going to take activity after such a long time. Upon the arrival of the wedding it was pouring outside making the wedding not as magnificent as Maiden had arranged. Everybody in the town was there, even a portion of the Gods and Goddess came in mask, to help Dorian. Dorian was in such a wreck, being excessively tense needing to remove the material from her face toward the finish of ... Free Essays on Maidens Tears Free Essays on Maidens Tears Ladies Tears Some time in the past in the place that is known for Skyloo a mother was bringing forth a child young lady. She named her ââ¬Å"Maiden.â⬠Maiden was a delightful youthful infant delicate earthy colored hair and dim earthy colored eyes. The mother and father were tired of keeping the youngster, startle that she may develop to have more magnificence than of the Goddess Lydian. Everybody in the town realized that in the event that you have a youngster that develops to be prettier than that of Lydian the Goddess would rebuff your kid. Days, Months, and years stuck. In those years Maiden turned out to be more delightful than that of Lydian. Embarrassed Maidens guardians made her wear a material over her face and taboo her from taking it off. Lady didn't know about the Goddess of Lydian nor did she know the purposes behind her parentsââ¬â¢ abnormal ways. So she did what she was told, until she met Dorian. Dorian was Lydianââ¬â¢s fiendish twin sibling; he was a guileful youngster, who had known about this delightful woman by the name of Maiden. One day Dorian chose to go down to the town Skyloo to see Maiden. At the primary sight of Dorian Maiden began to look all starry eyed at, planning to wed him. Being he was an alien to the town the main obliging activity was to take him in. So for a long time Dorian remained with Maiden and her family. In those five years Maiden and Dorian turned out to be exceptionally appended. At that point one day Dorian asked Maidens hand in marriage, Maiden acknowledged. The day of the wedding was set and they were to be hitched. For a long time Dorian had been acting to be infatuated with Maiden, for his arrangement was to perceive how delightful she truly was and for his sister to get frightfully envious. At last his arrangement was going to take activity after such a long time. Upon the arrival of the wedding it was pouring outside making the wedding not as great as Maiden had arranged. Everybody in the town was there, even a portion of the Gods and Goddess came in mask, to help Dorian. Dorian was in such a wreck, being excessively tense needing to remove the material from her face toward the finish of ...
Tuesday, August 25, 2020
Mercedes Benz of U.S.A ââ¬ÅThe Best or Nothingââ¬Â- Mercedes Benz Essay
Mercedes Benz is one of the most unmistakable names on the planet. In the event that you notice vehicle, extravagance, reliable, execution and ââ¬Å"The Best or Nothingâ⬠, the primary name it goes ahead your psyche is Mercedes Benz. History of Mercedes Benz is the best out there, however I am going to concentrate on the Mercedes Benz USA, otherwise called MBUSA. MBUSA is a division answerable for dissemination and advertising of Mercedes Benz items in the U. S. The base camp of MBUSA are in Montvale, New Jersey. There are two business areas of MBUSA in upper east Ohio, one in Willoughby and the other one in Bedford. Additionally remembered for their division are Maybach, Smart and Sprinter. In spite of the fact that established in 1965, MBUSA began bringing in Mercedes Benz in 1952, and the notable vehicle that began everything was 300SL Gullwing. It was established under Max Hoffman; the current CEO of MBUSA is Steve Cannon. Other key work force at MBUSA are Harald Henn CFO and VP, Inigo Mazquiaran GM of Corporate Finance and Joachim Schmidt Executive Vice President of Sales and Marketing for Mercedes-Benz. Over the next years, MBUSA developed into an across the nation association, presently utilizing more than 1500 individuals. The organization likewise has 356 related businesses that utilize 21,500 individuals themselves. MBUSA works in the Car Dealership industry, in the dispersion and promoting division of vehicle deals industry to be progressively explicit. With 305,072 traveler vehicles sold in the U. S. in 2012. SWOT Analysis Strengths: 1. Mercedes Benz has a solid brand esteem and worldwide pioneer in premium vehicles 2. Pioneer in advancement I. e. first to present diesel motors, fuel infusion and hostile to locking brakes Weaknesses: 1. High support cost of Mercedes Benz vehicle 2. Significant expenses contrasted with rivalry Opportunities: 1. Creating half breed vehicles and eco-friendly vehicles for the future 2. Quickly developing extravagance vehicle advertise and expanded pay Threats: 1. Regularly expanding fuel costs 2. Exceptional rivalry from worldwide car brands
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Here Is What People Are Saying About Our Book
Here Is What People Are Saying About Our Book Here Is What People Are Saying About Our Book Here Is What People Are Saying About Our Book By Daniel Scocco We are drawing near to 500 duplicates sold of our book, 100 Writing Mistakes to Avoid, so I needed to give you folks a few updates. Above all else we are attempting to get both a soft cover and a Kindle rendition of the book accessible, as right now you can just get it in computerized position (i.e., as a PDF). Second, the input we got so far is incredible. Out of 500 purchasers just two requested a discount, and that is on the grounds that they thought they were purchasing a physical book. On that there were numerous positive surveys around the web. Here are a few statements I assembled: Thirty minutes after I got this book I turned upward from my screen, a grin of extreme fulfillment playing around my lips. It isn't each day that one experiences gold chunks, something this book really is. (Fredrick Nwonwu) When youââ¬â¢ve been composing for whatever length of time that I have (my first piece was distributed in 1958 when I won a national Sunday school magazine short story challenge), there is a hazardous propensity to think you realize all you have to know, and itââ¬â¢s just important to concoct splendid thoughts. All things considered, exactly when you think you know everything somebody goes along to pull you back jerkily to the real world. 100 Writing Mistakes to Avoid, by Maeve Maddox, is just 45 pages in length, however like the famous insect in the elephantââ¬â¢s ear, it can disproportionaty affect the nature of your composition. (Charles Ray) Not at all like other English punctuation books, which are protracted, complex, and exhausting, ââ¬Å"100 Writing Mistakes To Avoidâ⬠is basic, direct, and it center around the 100 missteps that are most likely previously harming your composing pieces. (Satish G.) This book will make it simpler to distinguish and keep away from botches which may make our customers consider less us. As a British author who regularly composes for an American crowd, itââ¬â¢s valuable to have direction on a couple of elaborate focuses that may feel wrong to me however might be directly for my perusers. (Sharon Hurley) Where I think the guide comes in extremely convenient is for essayists who are submitting these errors and may not understand it. These arenââ¬â¢t the sort of things that are gotten in a spell check and except if we realize what to search for, most likely, we will proceed with careless in regards to these kinds of mistakes. (Travis King) In the event that you dont have your duplicate yet you can get it here for $9.99. At last, I additionally needed to thank all the perusers who previously purchased the book. It is an approach to help the work we put on this blog, and we sure welcome it. Need to improve your English in a short time a day? Get a membership and begin getting our composing tips and activities every day! Continue learning! Peruse the General class, check our famous posts, or pick a related post below:20 Types and Forms of Humor36 Poetry TermsGrammar Review #1: Particles and Phrasal Verbs
The Effects of Technology on the Accounting Profession Paper
Presentation before, individuals considered the adage ââ¬Å"Time is moneyâ⬠as a pointless clichã © and trusted in having unequaled in earth for meeting their objectives throughout everyday life. Notwithstanding, the present headway in innovation has demonstrated it powerful and valid. For an individual sharing affirmed open record (CPA) as a calling, the adage is progressively noteworthy. CPA as a calling requires a person to invest heaps of energy in defining projects.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on The Effects of Technology on the Accounting Profession Paper explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Failure for a person to invest enough time in a venture prompts adjustment of the nature of the undertaking. Innovative components, for example, bookkeeping programming and bookkeeping application gadgets likewise assume a noteworthy job in the CPA (Smith, 2012). Such gadgets help in overseeing time, yet in addition setting aside cash. This paper targets giving nitty gritty data on the differing advancements utilized in the CPAs. Bookkeeping advances Effect of innovation in bookkeeping isn't something new; it has been utilized in ascertaining and trailing numbers for long. Its embodiment can be followed to crafted by Leonardo da Vinci. Leonardo structured ââ¬Å"Codex Madridâ⬠, a gadget utilized in distinguishing proof of numbers. The development of a number cruncher by Blaise Pascal and a calculator by William Burroughs likewise legitimizes that bookkeeping innovation isn't new. Ceaseless innovations additionally help bookkeepers extraordinarily in dealing with their time and taking care of bookkeeping issues agreeably. The presentation of the primary PC in the twentieth century and its progression for more than 50 years likewise demonstrate that innovation improved accomplishment in bookkeeping. PCs empowered people ascertain and tackle numerical conditions viably. Headway in innovation likewise empowered the univers e of bookkeeping advance from usage of manual components, for example, mini-computers and pencils to work of electronic spreadsheets. Despite the fact that California-based Intuit utilized brand Quicken programming for such a long time, its usage of QuickBooks programming demonstrated so compelling (Smith, 2012). Since it propelled QuickBook programming, business people with little data relating bookkeeping have been prevailing in their organizations. Presently, there are many bookkeeping programming that fulfill the needs of assorted organizations on the planet. A genuine model is Peachtree Complete Accounting for windows. Bookkeeping programming has supported CPAs fundamentally in sparing time, yet in addition cash by conceding bookkeepers the chance of contributing information onto spreadsheets without any problem. It has likewise upgraded the exchange of data by means of system links rapidly and easily.Advertising Looking for report on business financial matters? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The use of innovation in move of data takes out the time spent recorded as a hard copy data and moving archives from office to division (Smith, 2012). Cell phones and distributed computing notwithstanding development of bookkeeping programming, innovative progression additionally prompted the presentation of cell phones and distributed computing. Cell phones help bookkeepers and business staff in contributing and recovering data from wherever and whenever. Gadgets, for example, iPhone and Android Smartphone are likewise significant in bookkeeping. These gadgets empower bookkeepers in getting to data that could help in calculations and computations without getting to workplaces. For example, it is apparent that the use of Time Werks application by means of utilization of Task Timer stopwatch has profited CPA tremendously. The application permits CPA not exclusively to follow data, yet in addition to receipt and email information rapidly. Bookkeeping number crunchers, for example, 10BIIC that costs around $6 have likewise been discovered successful in getting to stocks and changes. Moreover, 10BIIC likewise assume a noteworthy job in giving access to bonds and deterioration. The presentation of note pads additionally upgraded the accomplishment of the CPA. Their present increment in showcase has been related with the CPAs request (Smith, 2012). There is likewise extraordinary opportunities for the CPAs to access other vital information investigation instruments, for example, XML and XBRL labels, and calculations that will help in dissecting organizationsââ¬â¢ budgetary exercises. Effect of innovation to association Advancement in innovation assumes a noteworthy job in banking association. It has made the way toward following individual financial data extremely simple. Bookkeeping programming additionally empowers a bank compute expenses and bills for different organizations. Not at all like previously, the vast majority of the exchanges in the bank are done electronically (Gup, 2003). Headway in innovation additionally added to the presentation of gadgets, for example, Visas and programmed teller machines that guide in lessening time spent in completing exchanges in the bank. PCs additionally assume a huge job in the bank; they help in limiting bookkeeping errors.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on The Effects of Technology on the Accounting Profession Paper explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More taking everything into account, work of innovation in bookkeeping quite a while back. It began with the creation of machines, for example, adding machines, machines that distinguished numbers, and first PCs. Innovative programming assumes a noteworthy job in upgrading achievement in bookkeeping. It empowers people do their exercises, for example, extends effectively and rapidly. Bookkeeping innovation likewise assumes a critical job in upgr ading achievement in scientific counts. It empowers people summarize figures much immediately contrasted with the utilization of math device. The creation of cell phones likewise improved the accomplishment of bookkeeping. It empowers people tackle bookkeeping issues without alluding to their separate workplaces. It is additionally apparent that progression in innovation will prompt development of information examination instruments, for example, XML and XBRL that will help in dissecting organizationsââ¬â¢ exercises. References Gup, B. (2003). The Future of Banking. New York: Greenwood Publishing Group. Smith, T. (2012). CPA 2012 AUD: How to Pass the CPA Exams After Studying for Two Weeks Without Anxiety. New York: T.SMITH. This report on The Effects of Technology on the Accounting Profession Paper was composed and put together by client Archer Wiley to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; nonetheless, you should refer to it in like manner. You can give your paper here.
Friday, August 21, 2020
Dividend Policy Trends free essay sample
Profit Policy of Indian Corporate Firms: An Analysis of Trends and Determinants Dr. Y. Subba Reddy1 The current investigation inspects the profit conduct of Indian corporate firms over the period 1990 â⬠2001 and endeavors to clarify the watched conduct with the assistance of exchange off hypothesis, and flagging speculation. Investigation of profit patterns for a huge example of stocks exchanged on the NSE and BSE demonstrate that the level of organizations delivering profits has declined from 60. 5 percent in 1990 to 32. percent in 2001 and that lone a couple of firms have reliably delivered similar degrees of profits. Further, profit paying organizations are progressively productive, enormous in size and development doesnââ¬â¢t appear to dissuade Indian firms from delivering higher profits. Examination of impact of changes in charge system on profit conduct shows that the tradeoff or assessment inclination hypothesis doesn't seem to remain constant in the Indian setting. Tri al of flagging theory fortifies the prior discoveries that profit exclusions have data content about future income. In any case, examination of other non-outrageous profit occasions, for example, profit decreases and non-decreases shows that present misfortunes are a significant determinant of profit decreases for firms with built up track record and that the occurrence of profit decrease is substantially more extreme on account of Indian firms contrasted with that of firms exchanged on the NYSE. Further, profit changes seem to flag contemporaneous and slacked income execution as opposed to the future income execution. 1 Asst. Teacher, Institute for Financial Management and Research (IFMR), Chennai. continue composing administration charges The perspectives communicated and the methodology recommended are of the creators and not really of NSE. 1. Presentation From the practitionersââ¬â¢ perspective, profit policy1 of a firm has ramifications for speculators, administrators and loan specialists and different partners. For speculators, profits â⬠regardless of whether proclaimed today or collected and gave sometime in the future are a methods for ordinary income2, yet additionally a significant contribution to valuation of a firm3. So also, managersââ¬â¢ adaptability to put resources into ventures is likewise reliant on the measure of profit that they can ffer to investors as more profits may mean less supports accessible for speculation. Loan specialists may likewise have enthusiasm for the measure of profit a firm proclaims, as more the profit paid less would be the sum accessible for overhauling and recovery of their cases. Notwithstanding, ideally as Modigliani and Miller (1961) have appeared, financial speci alists might be uninterested about the measure of profit as it has no impact on the estimation of a firm. Any financial specialist can make a ââ¬Ëhome made dividendââ¬â¢ whenever required or can contribute the returns of a profit installment in extra offers as and when an organization makes profit installment. Essentially, chiefs might be detached as assets would be accessible or could be raised with out any buoyancy costs for all positive net present worth activities. In any case, in all actuality, profits may matter, especially with regards to differential assessment treatment of profits and capital increases. All the time profits are charged at a higher rate contrasted with capital additions. This infers profits may have negative ramifications for investors4. Also, cost of raising assets isn't unimportant and may well prompt lower payout, especially when positive net present worth ventures are accessible. Aside from buoyancy costs, data asymmetry among directors and outside financial specialists may likewise have suggestions for profit arrangement. As indicated by Myers and Majluf (1984), within the sight of data asymmetry and buoyancy costs, venture choices made by supervisors are dependent upon the hierarchy of financing decisions accessible. Supervisors favor held income to obligation and obligation to value buoyancy to fund the accessible activities. Data asymmetry between specialists (directors) and principals (outside investors) may likewise prompt office cost (Jensen and Meckling, 1976). One of the instruments o diminishing seizure of outside f investors by specialists is high payout. High payout will bring about decrease of free income accessible to chiefs and this limits the domain building endeavors of directors. The nearness of data asymmetry may an imply that administrators need to flag their capacity to lso produce higher profit in future with the assistance of high profit payouts (Bhattacharya, 1979, John and Williams 1985, and Miller and Rock, 1985). Be that as it may, the believability of signs relies upon the expense of flagging â⬠the expense being loss of money related adaptability. High payout brings about decrease of free income when in truth the firm needs more assets to seek after high development openings. Rozeff (1994) models payout proportions as an element of three elements: buoyancy expenses of outer subsidizing, office cost of outside proprietorship and financing requirements because of higher working and money related leverage5. To sum up, a few hypotheses have been proposed in clarifying why organizations pay dividends6. While numerous prior investigations call attention to the duty inclination hypothesis, later examinations stress flagging and office cost method of reasoning of profit installments. In any case, the profit puzzle is yet uncertain and the expressions of Brealey (1992) represents the profit approach choice as ââ¬Å"What is the impact of an adjustment in real money profits, given the firmââ¬â¢s capital-planning and getting choices? â⬠at the end of the day, he takes a gander at profit arrangement in seclusion and not as a side-effect of other corporate money related choices. 2 Lintner (1956) finds that organizations deliver standard and unsurprising profits to financial specialists, where as the income of corporate firms could be inconsistent. This suggests investors favor smoothened profit pay. Bernstein (1998) sees that given the ââ¬Ëconcoctedââ¬â¢ profit gauges gave by firms, the low profit payout instigates reinvestment hazard and income chance for the financial specialists. 4 Black (1976) noticed that within the sight of assessments, financial specialists ââ¬Å"prefer littler profits or no profits at allâ⬠. 5 According to Kalay (1982), wit hout controlling agreements, investors can move riches from bondholders by delivering off profit to themselves either by selling existing resources or by diminishing speculation or by utilizing continues of a senior obligation. 6 Baker, Powell and Veit (2002) study various surges of research deal with profits. 2 Fischer (Black 1976) may well apply in todayââ¬â¢s setting: ââ¬Å"The harder we take a gander at the profit picture, the more it appears to be a riddle, with pieces that just donââ¬â¢t fit togetherâ⬠. One of the striking viewpoints that have been seen in ongoing periods is the lower profit paid by corporate firms in the US. Fama and French (2001) examine the issue of lower profits paid by corporate firms over the period 1973-1999 and the components answerable for such a decay. They ascribe the decay to changing firm qualities of size, profit and development. In any case, it is to be seen whether the change owards lower profits is a lasting component or will there be inversion. A decrease in profits, as indicated by Fama and French, could be because of lower exchange costs, improved corporate administration systems, and the expanding inclination towards capital additions. 1. 1 Indian Scenario In the Indian setting, a couple of studies have examined the profit conduct of corporate firms. Mahapatra and Sahu (1993) discover income as a significant determinant of profit followed by net profit. Bhat and Pandey (1994) attempt an overview of managersââ¬â¢ impression of profit choice and find that administrators see current income as the most noteworthy factor. Narasimhan and Asha (1997) see that the uniform expense pace of 10 percent on profit as proposed by the Indian association spending plan 1997-98, changes the interest of speculators for high payouts. Mohanty (1999) finds that organizations, which gave extra offers, have either kept up the pre-reward level or just diminished it imperceptibly there by expanding the payout to investors. Narasimhan and Vijayalakshmi (2002) dissect the impact of proprietorship structure on profit payout and discover no impact of insider possession on profit conduct of firms. Be that as it may, it is as yet not satisfactory concerning what is the profit installment example of firms in India and for what reason do they start and exclude profit installments or decrease or increment profit installments. Subsequently it is proposed to investigate the profit payout of firms in India and break down the profit commencements and exclusions and different changes in profits and the signs that these occasions pass on. Following Fama and French (2001), the current investigation additionally endeavors to break down the effect of productivity, size and development on the profit payout of firms. Correspondingly, following Healy and Palepu (1988) an endeavor is made to break down the flagging speculation, I. e. arnings data passed on by profit commencements and exclusions. Since, commencements and oversights understand outrageous profit occasions, changes in profits I. e. , increments and diminishes and the data that they pass on is additionally inspected following DeAng elo, DeAngelo and Skinner (1992). There have been a few changes in the assessment system over the most recent couple of years. The association spending plan 1997-98 made profits available at t e hands of organization paying them and not in the hands of financial specialists accepting them. h Similarly there have been changes in the capital additions duty and exception of profit salary under Section 80 L of the Income Tax Act 1961. Every one of these progressions have suggestions for the profit arrangement of corporate firms. As per charge inclination or exchange off hypothesis, ideal profits assessment should prompt higher payouts. Henceforth it is proposed to break down the effect of duty systems on profit approaches of corporate firms. 1. 2 Objectives 1. To contemplate the patterns in the profit installment example of Indian c
Tuesday, August 4, 2020
Helms, Richard McGarrah
Helms, Richard McGarrah Helms, Richard McGarrah, 1913â"2002, U.S. government official, b. St. Davids, Pa. In 1942, Helms joined the U.S. navy where he engaged in intelligence work for the Office of Strategic Services (OSS). He was one of the architects of the legislation creating (1947) the OSS's successor, the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), and he became its chief expert on espionage operations. Helms served as both CIA deputy director (1965â"66) and director (1966â"73). The most controversial events overseen by Helms during his directorship were the Watergate affair and the U.S.-aided coup in Chile that overthrew Salvador Allende . Helms was later ambassador to Iran (1973â"77). In 1977, Helms pleaded no contest to charges of failing to testify fully and accurately to a Senate committee about covert CIA activities. See his autobiography (with W. Hood, 2003); biography by T. Powers (1979). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All r ights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. History: Biographies
Monday, June 22, 2020
Describe The Product Life Cycle Of A Given Product - 825 Words
Describe The Product Life Cycle Of A Given Product (Coursework Sample) Content: Mapping the Product Life CycleNameInstitutionIntroductionThe product life cycle (PLC) refers to the path that a product takes from the time it is first launched into the market to the final stage at which it is withdrawn. It is pretty much similar to the life cycle of any living organism, which starts at birth and expires at death. Likewise, a new product or service is birthed when it is created and introduced into the market, it becomes productive during the growth period, declining sales symbolizes its old age, while withdrawal from the market signifies its death. In marketing terms, a product undergoes four major stages namely, market introduction, growth, maturity, and decline (Saxena, 2005). With reference to Colgate Herbal toothpaste marketed by Colgate-Palmolive Company as a case scenario, this essay discusses the concept of Product Life Cycle and its significance to marketing and marketing managers.The Introduction StageThe introduction stage is the initial ph ase of a product in the market, and it marks a period when the product is not popular among consumers, and is dominated by established rival/substitute products (Saxena, 2005). Accordingly, the introduction stage is characterized with heavy corporate spending to promote the product. Consequently, the new product experiences slow growth, while posting low profits as a result of low sales and high marketing costs.Pricing is important at this stage because it should be designed to make the new product more affordable than established rivals. The product life cycle, in this regard, plays an important role in informing marketing strategies by helping marketing managers to identify consumer needs that the new product should target to meet, for example affordability (Pillai, 2010). In addition, the company focuses on aggressive advertising to create awareness about the product and its attributes. A good example is the launch of Colgate Herbal toothpaste by Colgate-Palmolive in 2000, in whi ch the company promoted it as a natural (chemical-free) toothpaste (Krishnamacharyulu, 2010). This attribute of Colgate Herbal helped to increase interest and demand among health-conscious consumers by creating the impression that they will be safer using a herbal toothpaste.The Growth StageThis stage is marked by increasing sales by volume and profitability, increased consumer awareness about the product. At the same time, costs start to decrease because the business is investing less in promotional advertisements. The products growth stage is important to marketing managers as it is the phase in which distribution should be expanded to maximize revenues (Saxena, 2005). In this regard, the product life cycle is significant to marketing as it helps managers to know when to limit and maximize distribution (introduction and growth stages, respectively). At this stage, the main objective is to increase the market share by expanding into new markets and increasing, and maximizing output to meet market demand. In this regard, marketing managers should take advantage of high demand to create a strong brand in anticipation for future competition. For instance, Colgate-Palmolive used the toothpastes growing demand to promote customer loyalty to aggressive marketing and promotions, such as giving free toothbrushes for every purchase.This stage has an impact on pricing strategy as it allows marketers to sell at optimum price (at or near market price) to maximize profits. For instance, marketers will not have to reduce prices to attract customers, but to sell at the same price as established rival brands. This will allow the business to generate the necessary profits to fund expansion into new markets.Maturity stageMaturity is the peak stage in the product development cycle, and it marks the longest phase in the existence of most products (Saxena, 2005). The primary interest of companies in this stage is protecting their market share by pursuing customer loyalty. In this regard, knowledge of the product life cycle is important in allowing managers to anticipate competition from rival marketers, and respond accordingly to retain market share. For instance, the profits that a product generates in its growth stage allow the company to give discounts as a means of creating customer loyalty. The market performance of Colgate Herbal nearly two decades after its launch points to the strength of its brand name and ability to sustain customer loyalty in a competitive market environment.Decline StageT...
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